Abstract: Objective：By overexpressing the oligodendrocyte lineage-myelin basic protein (Golli- MBP) gene to induce oral mucosa to produce oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions and explore the role of genes of Golli-MBP in the pathogenesis of OLP. Methods：By using lentiviral vectors to mediate Golli-MBP over, which was injected under Syrian golden hamsters’ oral mucosa, we detected mucosal changes by visual observation , histological changes by HE staining, cell apoptosis by TUNEL assay, and cell proliferation by immunohistochemical method. Results：Golli-MBP failed to induce OLP lesions of experimental animals. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) of apoptosis rate in experimental groups and the control groups in the epithelia lamina on the 7th day and the apoptosis rate on 14th day in the experimental groups was lower than that of the control groups, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Cortical cell proliferation rate on the 7th day and 14th day in the experimental groups was lower than that of the control groups and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions：Golli-MBP over can suppress the proliferation and apoptosis of Syrian golden hamster cheek pouch mucosal epithelial cells. However, we failed to induce it to produce OLP lesions.