Abstract: Objective：To analyze the effect of miR-140-5p on the proliferation and apoptosis of OSCC cells. Methods：The expression of miR-140-5p in Tca8113, Cal27, SCC25 cells and human oral mucosa fibroblasts (hOMF) was measured by Real-time PCR. The effect of miR-140-5p mimic on the proliferation of Tca8113 cells was measured by MTT method. The effect of miR-140-5p mimic on the cell apoptosis was measured by Flow cytometry. The target relationship between miR-140-5p and STMN1 was measured by dual luciferase reporter assay. Expressions of STMN1 in hOMF and three OSCC cells, and the effect of miR-140-5p mimic transfection on expression of Shh, Smo, Ptch and Gli1 were measured by western blot. Results：MiR-140-5p was down-regulated in OSCC cells. Overexpression of miR-140-5p suppressed Tca8113 cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. The result of dual luciferase reporter assay showed that STMN1 was the direct target of miR-140-5p. STMN1 was overexpressed in OSCC cells. Overexpression of miR-140-5p significantly reduced the expression of STMN1. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-140-5p decreased the expression of Shh, Smo, Ptch and Gli1. Conclusions：MiR-140-5p suppressed OSCC cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis through down-regulating the expression of STMN1 and inhibiting the Hedgehog signaling pathway.