Objective:?To investigate the effects of methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-calcium salts on the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and evaluate its role in the formation of tertiary dentin and the protection of dental pulp.Methods:?Three types of MDP-calcium salts were synthesized using different ratios of 10-MDP and CaCl2, and Human DPSCs were harvested and cultured in medium. The effect of different concentrations of MDP-calcium salts on cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8 assay.Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured to screen the best concentration for subsequent experiments.Additionally, alizarin red staining, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were employed to study the influence of a specific concentration of MDP-calcium salts on the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs.Results:A certain concentration range of MDP-calcium saltshad no inhibitory effect on the proliferation of DPSCs. Compared with the control group, 0.2mg/mL was the optimal concentration of MDP-calcium salts in inducing ALP activity of DPSCs (P＜0.05). Alizarin red staining results showed that 0.2mg/mL MDP-2calcium salts promoted the formation of calcium nodules in DPSC0.2mg/mLMDP-1calcium salts and 0.2mg/mL MDP-2calcium salts promoted the secretion of odontogenic differentiation marker dental matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) (P＜0.05). Additionally, 0.2 mg/mL MDP-0.5calcium salts and 0.2 mg/mL MDP-1calcium saltsenhance the secretion of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) (P＜0.05). Furthermore, 0.2 mg/mL MDP-0.5calcium salts and 0.2 mg/Ml MDP-2calcium salts also enhanced the secretion of osteocalcin (OCN) (P＜0.05). Lastly, 0.2 mg/mL MDP-0.5calcium salts, 0.2 mg/mL MDP-1calcium salts and 0.2 mg/mL MDP-2calcium salts stimulated the secretion of runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2) (P＜0.05). Conclusions:?MDP-calcium salts can not inhibit the proliferation of DPSCs within a certain concentration range. 0.2mg/mLMDP-calcium salts can promote the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs.

Objective:?To investigate the clinical effect of artificial intelligence designed zirconia full crown and traditional CAD/CAM designed zirconia full crown in repairing molar defects. Methods:?A total of 116 cases of molars after root canal treatment in our hospital were selected as the research objects from March 2022 to April 2023. By using random number table method, they were randomly divided into the study group (zirconia full crown restoration designed by artificial intelligence) and the control group (zirconia full crown restoration designed by traditional CAD/CAM) with 58 cases each. The edge fracture and retention, edge adaptability, adjacent anatomical morphology, periodontal, peripheral mucosa and occlusal adaptability were scored for all patients after prosthesis trial，immediately retention and 1 year restoration. The time required for the restoration designs and total patients' chair-side visit in both groups were recorded and averaged. The satisfaction of patients was investigated to compare the repair treatment effect of the two groups. Results:According to the FDI evaluation criteria, the clinical repair effect of the restorations was evaluated. The shape of crown abduction space designed by AI in the experimental group was more similar to that of natural teeth, while the traditional CAD/CAM designed crown abduction space in the control group lacked natural neck narrowing. The anatomical morphology score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), indicating that the AI anatomical morphology design was superior to the traditional CAD/CAM design. After adjustment, there were no statistical differences of two groups in the immediate retention of the restorations and the review one year later (P> 0.05). There were no significant differences between experimental and control groups in other indexes (marginal fracture and retention, marginal adaptability, periodontal, peripheral mucosa and occlusal adaptability) after prosthesis trial，immediately retention and 1 year restoration (P > 0.05). The total time of prosthesis design and the total time of patients' chair-side visit in the experimental group were lower than those in the experimental group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After one year of repair, the average satisfaction of the study group was 95.55%, and that of the control group was 94.83%, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05).Conclusions:Compared with the traditional CAD/CAM design, the crowns designed by AI have no obvious defects in the restoration of molar defects, which can save time and cost, and is suitable for clinical application.

Objective: To investigate the influence of salidroside (SAL) on the proliferation, migration and mineralization abilities of the mouse odontoblast cell line MDPC-23. Methods: MDPC-23 cells were cultured in vitro and stimulated with different concentrations of salidroside (0 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L, 50 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L). The effects of salidroside on MDPC-23 proliferation and migration were examined by using CCK-8, live-dead cell staining, scratch assay and Transwell assay. Three groups were set up: control group (osteogenic medium), and 10μmol/L SAL group and 20 μmol/L SAL group. The mineralization capacity of SAL was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, ALP activity assay, alizarin red staining (ARS), calcium nodule quantification , qRT-PCR and western blot. Results: SAL promoted cell proliferation without significant cytotoxicity, with the most significant effect at 20 μmol/L (P＜0.05). SAL promoted cell proliferation across the experimental concentration range, with 20 μmol/L SAL exhibiting a significant proliferative effect. SAL had no significant cytotoxicity. SAL significantly enhanced cell migration (P＜0.05). SAL treatment resulted in a greater number of mineralized nodules (P＜0.05). ALP staining and activity assays indicated that 20 μmol/L SAL significantly promoted ALP expression (P＜0.05). The expression of ALP, osteocalcin (OCN), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), and dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) were significantly increased (P＜0.05), and the protein expression levels of OCN and Runx2 were also significantly increased after SAL treatment (P＜0.05). Conclusions: SAL can promote the proliferation, migration and mineralization abilities of odontoblast cell line MDPC-23 in mice.

Objective:?To investigate the effect of smoking on peri-implantitis in healthy population, and to provide theoretical basis for the effect of smoking on peri-implantitis. Methods:?Peri-implant gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from smokers (n=10) and non-smokers (n=8), and the DNA samples of the bacterial flora were sequenced by metagenomic sequencing technology. The differences in the composition spectrum, number and species of microorganisms around implants between smokers and non-smokers were analyzed and their main biological functions were predicted. Results: There were significant differences in the microbial profiles between the non-smoking group and the smoking group. The number of specific microbial species was 203 in the non-smoking group and 373 in the smoking group（P＜0.05）. In terms of species, the dominant bacterial flora around the implant in the non-smoking group included Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Haemophilus and Actinomyces, while the dominant bacterial flora around the implant in the smoking group included Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus gingivalis, Anaerobes and Anaerobic cocci, Synbacteraceae, Desulfuria, and Actinomyces，Bacteroides genus and Anaerobic rope bacteria and other 19 kinds of bacteria （P＜0.05）. In terms of function, the dominant bacteria in the non-smoking group were mainly related to environmental information processing, signal transduction and immune response, while the dominant bacteria in the smoking group were mainly related to genetic material changes such as gene recombination and changes in metabolism-related pathways（P＜0.05）. Conclusions:?Smoking can increase the variety and number of peri-implant microbial flora by changing the genetic material and metabolism-related pathways.

Objective:?To investigate the clinical effect of artificial intelligence designed zirconia full crown and traditional CAD/CAM designed zirconia full crown in repairing molar defects. Methods:?A total of 116 cases of molars after root canal treatment in our hospital were selected as the research objects from March 2022 to April 2023. By using random number table method, they were randomly divided into the study group (zirconia full crown restoration designed by artificial intelligence) and the control group (zirconia full crown restoration designed by traditional CAD/CAM) with 58 cases each. The edge fracture and retention, edge adaptability, adjacent anatomical morphology, periodontal, peripheral mucosa and occlusal adaptability were scored for all patients after prosthesis trial，immediately retention and 1 year restoration. The time required for the restoration designs and total patients' chair-side visit in both groups were recorded and averaged. The satisfaction of patients was investigated to compare the repair treatment effect of the two groups. Results:According to the FDI evaluation criteria, the clinical repair effect of the restorations was evaluated. The shape of crown abduction space designed by AI in the experimental group was more similar to that of natural teeth, while the traditional CAD/CAM designed crown abduction space in the control group lacked natural neck narrowing. The anatomical morphology score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), indicating that the AI anatomical morphology design was superior to the traditional CAD/CAM design. After adjustment, there were no statistical differences of two groups in the immediate retention of the restorations and the review one year later (P> 0.05). There were no significant differences between experimental and control groups in other indexes (marginal fracture and retention, marginal adaptability, periodontal, peripheral mucosa and occlusal adaptability) after prosthesis trial，immediately retention and 1 year restoration (P > 0.05). The total time of prosthesis design and the total time of patients' chair-side visit in the experimental group were lower than those in the experimental group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After one year of repair, the average satisfaction of the study group was 95.55%, and that of the control group was 94.83%, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05).Conclusions:Compared with the traditional CAD/CAM design, the crowns designed by AI have no obvious defects in the restoration of molar defects, which can save time and cost, and is suitable for clinical application.

Objective:The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the general demography characteristics and clinical indications of adult orthodontic patients who choose different orthodontic devices, integrate the characteristics of patients in many aspects into the selection of orthodontic devices, and provide reference for orthodontists to help patients choose appropriate orthodontic devices.method:180 adult orthodontic patients were selected as the research objects, and the research objects were divided into two groups according to the types of appliances: invisible appliances group (122) and fixed appliances group (58). The general demography characteristics and clinical indications of the two groups of patients were analyzed and compared.Results:The patients in the invisible appliance group were older than those in the fixed appliance group (28 ± 6.8 years>21.9 ± 1.6 years, P=0.037), had a higher family income than those in the fixed appliance group (P=0.001), and had more patients living in different places than those in the fixed appliance group (69.7%>19%, P=0.011). There was statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05). The proportion of classification of malocclusion and sagittal skeletal relationship between the two groups of patients is similar, and there is no statistical significance between the two groups. In the profile assessment, patients in the fixed appliance group exhibited a more prominent lower lip than those in the invisible appliance group (lower lip E line distance: 3.3 ± 2.2 mm>0.9 ± 2.0 mm, P=0.016), and other variables were not statistically significant. The average DMFT of the two groups of patients was 2.6, and the fixed appliance group was higher than the invisible appliance group (3.5 ± 1.4>2.1 ± 0.9, P=0.005). Among the variables included in the DMFT evaluation, only the number of decayed teeth was higher in the fixed appliance group than in the invisible appliance group (P<0.001), and other variables were not statistically significant. The gingival index (GI) of the two groups of patients was 1.4 ± 0.4, and the plaque index (PI) was 0.69 ± 0.52, with no statistical significance between the two groups.Conclusion:1.Compared with patients who choose fixed appliances, patients who are older, have a permanent residence in another city, and have a higher family income tend to choose invisible appliances.2.Compared with patients who choose invisible appliances, patients who choose fixed appliances have a more prominent lower lip, poor profile, and more decayed teeth in the mouth.

The adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter (ABC transporters), as one of the largest transmembrane protein superfamilies, are found in all domains of life and highly conservative. Bacterial ABC transporters are essential for the pathogenicity of a wide range of microorganisms, and play a vital role in their adaptation to the environment and antibiotic resistance. Porphyromonas gingivalis （P. gingivalis）is a major pathogen of periodontitis, and its pathogenicity is regulated by several virulence factors. In this article, we review the structure and function of ABC transporters, and their regulation to the P. gingivalis pathogenicity.

Hypoxia is a common state of oxidative stress in cells, which affects the process of energy metabolism of cells, and mitochondria are an important part of energy production in cells. In addition to their role in metabolism, recent studies have also found that mitochondria play an important role in regulating the function of mesenchymal stem cells. In this paper, we reviewed the effects of hypoxia on mitochondrial energy metabolism of mesenchymal stem cells and related mechanisms, aiming to find out the key targets for hypoxia to enhance the function of mesenchymal stem cells, and to provide new ideas and methods for promoting the tissue regeneration mediated by mesenchymal stem cells.

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a common disease characterized by progressive cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone remodeling and chronic pain. The exact pathogenesis of TMJOA is unclear. Dnmt3b is a kind of DNA methyltransferase. This review summarizes the research progress of Dnmt3b in OA and TMJOA, in order to provide a new idea for the treatment of TMJOA