Abstract: [Abstract] Objective：To prepare a novel poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA）/collagen composite membrane for guided bone regeneration, characterize the membrane, and evaluate the effect on proliferation of osteoblastic cells. Methods：PLGA and type I collagen were combined together to prepare a two-layered membrane. The functional groups, surface topography and contact angle of the composite membranes were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （ATR-FTIR）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and contact angle meter. Osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 was chosen to seed on the membranes. MTT and flow cytometry （FCM） were used to value the cell proliferation. Results：The spectrum of ATR-FTIR showed that collagen layer was successfully grafted onto the PLGA surface. The characteristic microstructure of interlaced fibers of collagen was observed by FESEM. The contact angle of composite membrane was significantly lower than pure PLGA. The results of MTT and FCM demonstrate the cell viability and proliferation index of cells cultured on PLGA/collagen membrane were significantly higher than PLGA. Conclusions： The PLGA/collagen composite membrane prepared in this study combined synthetic and natural polymers into a versatile entirety and adopted the advantages of the both.