Abstract: Objective:?To study the effect of ferrocenyl retinoic acid nanoparticles (FCRA Nps) on ferroptosis induced by oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (OSCC). Methods:?Human OSCC cells CAL27 were cultured, and the effect of FCRA Nps on the proliferation of CAL27 cells was determined by CCK-8 method; the effects of FCRA Nps on the contents of glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CAL27 cells were observed by fluorescence microscope; Mitochondrial red fluorescent probe was used to specifically label the biologically active mitochondria in cells, Hoechst 33342 staining solution was used to label the nucleus, and the effect of FCRA Nps on the morphology of mitochondria and nucleus in CAL27 cells was observed under a fluorescence microscope. Results:?Compared with the control group, FCRA NPs had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of CAL27 cells; the effect of FCRA NPs reduced the content of GSH and increased the content of ROS in CAL27 cells (P<0.01); compared with the control group, the mitochondrial volume of the FCRA NPs group became smaller, the nucleus did not change significantly. Conclusions:?FCRA Nps can induce ferroptosis in OSCC cells.