Abstract: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCSs) are subject to odontogenic mesenchymal stem cells, which possess the ability to differentiate into odontoblasts and form restorative dentin under certain influence factors. DPSCSs have potential application value for the clinical treatment of pulp diseases and dentine repair. This paper systematically reviewed the influence factors on the odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells, such as biotic factors, chemical factors, physical factors, gene transfection, bioactive materials and explored the conditions affecting the odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. It provides the theoretical basis for the therapies of caries, pulp and periapical diseases and applications in other fields.