Abstract: Objective:To investigate the difference in histological and bioinformatics analysis between inflammatory granulation tissue (IGT) and restorative granulation tissue (RGT) in alveolar bone in order to provide a basis for the treatment of alveolar bone inflammatory lesions by regulating IGT to RGT transformation. Methods:Ten patients receiving delayed autogenous dental transplantation were collected. IGT and RGT were collected from these patients during primary tooth extraction and secondary tooth transplantation, of which three cases were randomly selected for HE staining, Masson staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and the other seven cases were quantitatively analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry label. Results:Compared with IGT, RGT was characterized by a large number of well-arranged and mature fibrous tissues, and the number of bone formation-related cells such as fibroblasts, Osterix+ cells were significantly increased. The bioinformatics results suggested that the differences were mainly in the extracellular matrix and inflammation-related pathways. COL1A1 was significantly up-regulated and played a key role in protein-protein interaction regulatory network. As the main degrading enzyme of COL1A1, cathepsin K (CTSK) was significantly down-regulated in RGT. Conclusions:There were both some similarities and differences between IGT and RGT in histology, and CTSK might be a specific target to regulate transformation from IGT to RGT in alveolar bone.

Key words: inflammatory granulation tissue, restorative granulation tissue, quantitative proteomic analysis, extracellular matrix, cathepsin k