Objective：To observe the effects of miR-9 on the proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs) in vitro. Methods： PDLSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro, and were transfected with miR-9 inhibitor. Proliferation of PDLSCs was evaluated by Brdu assay. Migration of PDLSCs was tested by cell wound scratch assay. Osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs was determined by Alizarin red staining and Western blot. Results： Suppression of the function of miR-9 could reduce proliferation of PDLSCs, lowered the migration speed of PDLSCs, and harmed the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs (P＜0.05). Conclusions： miR-9 could regulate the proliferation, cell migration and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the role of CCL25/CCR9 in pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP). Methods： The expression of CCL25 in plasma and CCR9 of peripheral blood T cell of OLP were detected by qRT-PCR, WES and ELISA. Cultured T lymphocytes in vitro，the effects of CCL25/CCR9 on T cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis were detected by Transwell assay, CCK8 and flowcytometry. Results：The expression of peripheral blood T cell CCR9, CCL25 mRNA and CCL25 protein in plasma of OLP were decreased compared with those of the control group (P<0.01). CCL25 induces T cell to migrate, and the chemotactic index (CI) of OLP is lower than that of the control group (P<0.01). CI reduced significantly after blocked by anti-CCR9 mAb（P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the proliferation of T cell in peripheral blood of OLP was increased and the apoptosis was decreased, but they were not associated with the addition of CCL25 or anti-CCR9 mAb. Conclusions： CCL25 and CCR9 were lowly expressed in peripheral blood of OLP and their interaction can mediate T cell migrating. CCL25/CCR9 may be involved in recruitment of inflammatory cells during the pathogenesis of OLP.

Objective：To study the effects of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor 1-(trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-3-(1-propionylpieridn--yl) urea (TPPU) on peripheral neuralgia by targeted blockade of soluble epoxide hydrolase.Methods：The chronic neuropathic pain were generated by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve in SD rats. The rats were administrated with TPPU (experimental group) or without TPPU (control group) by gastric lavage daily 3 days before surgery to 7 days after surgery. The body weight and pain threshold (Von Frey assay)were measured. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the number of nerve neovascularization and the expression of Nissl bodies in the sacral part of the spinal cord.Results：Pain threshold and body weight gain in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Immunofluorescence results showed that the local microcirculation was improved in the TPPU-treated group, and the expression of Nissl bodies was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions：TPPU targeted blockade of soluble epoxide hydrolasemay promote nerve damage repair and reduce nerve injury pain by improving the microcirculation

Objective：Regenerating enamel-like mineralized tissue on the demineralized enamel surface by constructing an enamel mineralization model in vitro. Methods： The bottom end of the three-way tube is closed, and CaCl2 agarose gel was placed in the tube to separate the upper and side end, and acid-etched enamel slice was placed on the gel surface from upper end. A 2 mm thick layer of agarose gel containing CaCl2 was used to cover acid-etched enamel slice, followed by a 2 mm thick layer of ion-free agarose gel. Then Na2HPO4 solution (or containing sodium fluoride) was added onto the ion-free gel surface. CaCl2 solution was added to the side tube and was connected to the anode. Na2HPO4 solution was connected to the cathode, and 40 mA DC electric field was applied. Results： When no current was applied, a small amount of uneven banded crystals formed on the demineralized enamel surface without fluoride ions; Hexagonal and densely packed flake crystals formed on the demineralized enamel surface with fluoride ions. In the case of a DC electric field, with no fluorine ions, the amount of crystal deposited on the enamel surface increases, and the morphology of the crystal changes to a plate crystal. With fluoride ion, the surface of the demineralized enamel forms a nanorod-like crystal and is parallel to each other which was similar to enamel prisms. Conclusions： The agarose gel mineralization system loaded with calcium phosphate and fluoride ions aided with an electric field can biomimetic the process of enamel mineralization, which can deposit an enamel prism-like crystal structure on the demineralized enamel surface.

[Abstract] Objective: To study the relationship between the infection level of Streptococcus mutans in saliva and the existing status or development of primary dental caries, and evaluate the effect of Dentocult SM as a method of Caries Activity Test (CAT). Methods： The subjects, 223 children aged 2-4 years, were checked by oral examination and Dentocult SM test to detect the infection level of Streptococcus mutans in saliva. Caries incidence, decayed-missing-filled tooth (dmft), decayed-missing-filled surface (dmfs) and Caries Severity Index(CSI) were calculated respectively. One more oral examination was conducted two years later. And the relevant statistics was carried out. Results：The caries incidence, dmft, dmfs and CSI of the two oral examinations increased with rising Dentocult SM grade, and the difference of dmft, dmfs and CSI between the two oral examinations also increased with the rising Dentocult SM grade (P＜0.001). There was no significant difference in caries incidence between the two oral examinations among different Dentocult SM grades (P＞0.05). Dentocult SM grades were highly positively correlated with dmft, dmfs, CSI of the two oral examinations and also their increase in two years. Conclusions： There are significant positive correlations between the infection level of Streptococcus mutans in saliva and the existing status or development of primary dental caries, and Dentocult SM test is a reliable and effective CAT method.

Objective: To explore the objective factors that influence the facial esthetic satisfaction of edentulous patients with complete denture. Methods: 20 edentulous subjects were randomly selected. Before complete denture treatment and three months after treatment, patients were asked to complete the orofacial esthetic questionnaire, and 3D stereophotogrammetry was performed to evaluate the changes in facial appearance. Furthermore, the correlations between orofacial esthetic scores and facial features were assessed. Results: After complete denture treatment, esthetic scores of face and profile were increased from 5.87 ± 0.79 and 5.83 ± 0.84 to 8.74±0.54 and 8.94±0.46, respectively. Sn-Gn (Lower face height), Sn-St (Nose-interlabial) and St-Gn (Interlabial-chin) increased from (59.77±4.14) mm, (23.27±2.48) mm and (36.70±3.00) mm to (62.01±3.89) mm, (24.29±2.51) mm and (38.15±2.84) mm, respectively, moreover, all differences were significantly（P＜0.001）. However, no obvious difference was observed in the height and morphology of midfacial region. 3 months after treatment,∣(G-Sn / Sn-Gn)-average∣decreased from 11.43±7.58% to 7.49±5.90%, nasolabial angle reduced from 118.98°±12.83°to 112.20°±10.29°, while∣nasolabial angle-average∣lessened to 15.24°±8.81° from 22.17°±10.84°. These changes were statistically significant. In addition, the results of correlation analysis showed that the orofacial esthetic scores were highly or moderately correlated with the differences between edentulous subjects and normal population in the facial proportion and nasolabial angle（P＜0.01）. Conclusion: The subjective aesthetic scores of edentulous patients were highly correlated with the changes of facial proportion and nasolabial angle. Therefore, in the restoration of complete denture, the appropriate upper lip fullness and facial proportion should be restored as much as possible to achieve good results in aesthetic reconstruction.

Objective:In order to evaluate the effect of domestic hydroxyapatite artificial bone graft on site preservation after anterior and premolar extraction .Methods: The 30 patients were randomly divided into two groups: test group(15 patients), who were filled with domestic artificial bone graft (Bio-osteon, BEIJING YHJ,Beijing) and control group(15 patients), who were filled with Bio-Oss(Geistlich,Switzerland), and were inspected with cone-beam computed tomography（CBCT）immediately after the filling, and at six months after. The CBCT was used to evaluate the changes of both the height and the width of the alveolar ridge. The vertical dimensions of alveolar process was determined by alveolar ridge long axis. The horizontal dimensions was assessed at three different areas measured from the top of the crest: 1 mm (W1), 4mm (W2) and 7 mm (W3). Results: The mean vertical loss of the alveolar bone for the test group was（6.86±11.92）%. The width of the alveolar ridge in the test group decreased by W1=（16.17±14.94）%, W2=（10.39±17.61）% and W3=（5.17±12.03）%. The control group showed vertical loss of （9.87±8.78）%,and the width of the alveolar ridge in the control group decreased by W1=（17.33±22.60）%, W2=（9.89±13.39）% and W3=（2.29±10.19）%. There was no significant difference between the test group and the control group（P>0.05）. Conclusions：The domestic hydroxyapatite artificial bone graft has the same effect as the Bio-Oss in site preservation.

Objective：To investigate the prevalence of primary teeth caries among 3-year-old children in Nanjing and their family oral health care status, and provide the scientific strategy for preventing dental caries. Methods: The sampling method was random in this study. A total of 719 children aged 3 years from Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University were selected in the survey, caries check was carried out by a dentist and the questionnaire were completed by parents. The risk factors of dental caries were analyzed by Chi-square test and Logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of dental caries was 31.85%, and the mean dmft was 1.08±3.70. The key factors for dental caries included oral health education, weaning time, chewing feeding, eating at night, time of brushing and oral health knowledge of parents. Logistic regression was performed, variables remained in the final model were weaning time, eating at night and oral health knowledge of parents. Conclusions: The prevalence of primary teeth caries is high among 3 years old children. Culturing scientific dietary habits and good oral hygiene habits, meanwhile, strengthening parents’ oral health consciousness are very effective for preventing primary teeth caries.

[Abstract] Objective： To evaluate the outcome of single-visit and two-visit root canal treatment in patients with chronic apical periodontitis with iRoot SP sealer after a 1-year follow up period. Methods： Three hundreds maxillary and mandibular teeth with chronic apical periodontitis were randomly assigned into two groups. While the teeth of patients in treatment group were obturated, control group were temporarily sealed and obturated after one week. All canals were filled with iRoot SP sealer. The healing results were clinically and radiographically evaluated 1 years postoperatively. Results： Of the 300 teeth treated, 134 teeth (91.16%) in treatment group were healed compared with 137 teeth (92.57%) in control group, 8 cases (5.44%) in treatment group were classified as uncertain compared with 6 cases (4.05%) in control group, 5 cases(3.40%)in the treatment group and 5 cases(3.38%) in the control group were classified as not healed. Chi-square test was used to compare the success rate of the two groups. Statistical analysis of the healing results did not show any significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). Conclusions： There was no statistically significant difference between the single-visit and two-visit root canal treatment in patients with chronic apical periodontits filled by iRoot SP sealer.