Objective：To investigate the effect of TNF-α in the osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) derived from postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods：Established an ovariectomized mouse model. Micro-CT was used to examine the bone in the femurs of the mice. The osteogenesis of BMMSCs derived from sham and OVX mice were investigated by ALP activity, ALP and Alizarin Red staining. Osteogenic genes Runx2 and Osterix were determined by real time RT-PCR and Western blot. TNF-α levels in serum were examined via Elisa assay. Results：The BMD of OVX group was significantly lower than that of Sham group. The osteogenic differentiation of OVX-BMSMCs was inhibited compared with Sham-BMMSCs. TNF-α levels were increased in OVX mice. TNF-α impaired BMMSCs osteogenic differentiation. TNF-α neutralizing antibody was injected via caudal vein in OVX mice and TNF-α levels were reduced. Calcein double labeling and Micro-CT showed bone formation were higher in OVX mice which were treated with TNF-α neutralizing antibody. Conclusions： TNF-α was a key inflammatory cytokine that inhibited osteogenic potential of BMMSC derived from estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis. Injection of TNF-α neutralizing antibody in vivo can increase bone formation of OVX mice. TNF-α impaired osteogenic differentiation may be one of mechanisms in estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to develop the first NACP rechargeable orthodontic cement, and investigate the effects of recharge duration and frequency on ion re-release efficacy. Methods: The rechargeable cement consisted of pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate (PMGDM) and ethoxylated bisphenol-A dimethacrylate (EBPADMA). NACP were mixed into the resin at 40% by mass. Specimens were tested for orthodontic bracket shear bond strength (SBS) to enamel, Ca and P ion initial release was tested in pH 4 solution. After the ions were exhausted, the specimens were recharged in pH 7 solution and re-release in pH 4 solution again. The re-release of the ions were recorded. Results: The new orthodontic cement had SBS similar to commercial orthodontic cement without CaP release (p > 0.1). Specimens after one recharge treatment (e.g., 1 minute immersion in recharge solution repeating 3 times in one day, referred to as 1 min 3 times) had substantial release of Ca and P ions continuously for 14 d without further recharge. The ion re-release did not decrease with increasing the number of recharge/re-release cycles (p > 0.1). The ion re-release concentrations at 14 d versus various recharge treatments were: 1 min 3 times > 3 min 2 times > 1 min 2 times > 6 min 1 time > 3 min 1 time > 1 min 1 time. Conclusions: The present study developed the first orthodontic cement with Ca and P ion recharge and long-term release capability. This NACP rechargeable orthodontic cement is promising to inhibit enamel demineralization and WSL around orthodontic brackets.

Objective：To study the effects of targeting FOXC2 inhibition on the angiogenesis of tongue cancer cell xenografts. Methods：Tca8113 tongue caner cells were injected subcutaneously into the nude mice in the right underside backs to establish xenograft models, and mice were divided into non-transfected group, mock control group, control group transfected with scrambled sequence plasmid, and interference group transfected with FOXC2-shRNA expression plasmid. Then, liposome-mediated plasmid transfection was done in the latter 3 group every 3 days. After mice were sacrificed, weight and size of xenografts were measured. Expression of FOXC2 protein was examined using western blot analysis. Microvessel parameters were detected using immunohistochemical staining. Results：Weight and size of xenografts, FOXC2 expression and microvessel parameters in interference group transfected with FOXC2-shRNA expression plasmid were less than the other three groups (P<0.05). Conclusions：Targeting FOXC2 inhibition could suppress the angiogenesis of tongue cancer cell xenografts, suggesting that it may become a potential therapy for tongue squamous cell cancer.

Objective：To analyze the effect of miR-140-5p on the proliferation and apoptosis of OSCC cells. Methods：The expression of miR-140-5p in Tca8113, Cal27, SCC25 cells and human oral mucosa fibroblasts (hOMF) was measured by Real-time PCR. The effect of miR-140-5p mimic on the proliferation of Tca8113 cells was measured by MTT method. The effect of miR-140-5p mimic on the cell apoptosis was measured by Flow cytometry. The target relationship between miR-140-5p and STMN1 was measured by dual luciferase reporter assay. Expressions of STMN1 in hOMF and three OSCC cells, and the effect of miR-140-5p mimic transfection on expression of Shh, Smo, Ptch and Gli1 were measured by western blot. Results：MiR-140-5p was down-regulated in OSCC cells. Overexpression of miR-140-5p suppressed Tca8113 cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. The result of dual luciferase reporter assay showed that STMN1 was the direct target of miR-140-5p. STMN1 was overexpressed in OSCC cells. Overexpression of miR-140-5p significantly reduced the expression of STMN1. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-140-5p decreased the expression of Shh, Smo, Ptch and Gli1. Conclusions：MiR-140-5p suppressed OSCC cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis through down-regulating the expression of STMN1 and inhibiting the Hedgehog signaling pathway.

Objective： To establish a more realistic animal model for oral carcinogenesis and study the expression changes of double ubiquitin FAT10 in the process of development in this model. Methods：The experimental group SD rats were fed with 40 μg/mL concentration of 4-nitroquinoline1-oxide (4-NQO) dissolved in drinking water. The lesion tissue of rat tongue was collected in 8, 16 and 24 weeks respectively, and detected by histology. The rats in control group were fed with normal drinking water for 24 weeks. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of FAT10 and p53 in different tissues of the tongue mucosa. Results：Being stimulated with 4-NQO at different time, the tongue mucosa of rats developed dysplasia of varying degrees and squamous cell carcinoma. The expression of FAT10 increased gradually from normal mucosa to atypical hyperplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. The espression of p53 was positive in normal mucosa, and increased in atypical hyperplasia, but was decreased in cancer tissues. Conclusions：FAT10 might be an oncogene in the development of tongue cancer.

Objective：To investigate the relationship between CD3+ T cells and CD8+ T cells and clinicopathological features of oral lichen planus (OLP). Methods：We detected the expression of CD3 and CD8 in 79 cases of OLP and 10 cases of normal oral mucosa by using semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry. The relationship between the expression of these T cells and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed statistically. Results：The expression of CD3 and CD8 were positive in OLP and negative in normal oral mucosa. The infiltration of CD3+ T cells had no relationship with gender, age or the location of OLP, but it was closely related to the development of erosion in OLP, which was statistically significant (P＜0.05). However, there was no relationship between the CD8+ T cells and gender, age, location or erosion of OLP. Conclusions：The infiltration of CD3+ T cells affected the incidence of erosion in OLP.

[Abstract] Objective： To evaluate the effect of curcumin on biofilm formation by Enterococus faecalis. Methods： The dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Biofilms were formed after incubating at 37 ℃ for 24 h with different concentrations of curcumin, MTT assay method was used to compare the biofilm formation quantificationally. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was used to observe the biofilm structure after treated with different concentrations of curcumin. Results：The MIC and MBC of curcumin on Enterococus faecalis were of 64 μg/mL and 256 μg/mL respectively. The quantity of biofilm formed by Enterococus faecalis significantly decreased (P<0.05) and the structure of the biofilm shown by CLSM became thinner with the increase of curcumin concentration. Conclusions： Curcumin can inhibit the biofilm formation of Enterococus faecalis.

Cell lineage tracing technology plays an important role in studying the cell origin, proliferation and differentiation during the process of growth, metabolism, diseases development of organisms, especially for exploring the origin of different stem cells, as well as a variety of precursors of adult cells. There are various cell lineage tracing technologies, and every method exhibited different scope, principle, advantages and shortcomings. In this article, we would like to systematically review the development, application, advantages and disadvantages of different cell lineage tracing technologies, especially for application in the stomatology.

Compared with traditional electrospinning, near-field electrospinning technology changed paremeters into low-voltage, close range of needle-to-collector distance to achieve the control of fibers' deposition and three-dimensional scaffolds preparation, which have a high application value in many fields.The main work of this paper is to review the proposed and developed of near-field electrospinning,investigation of parameters for preparation and application of near-field electrospinning in biology.

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) can show the jaw from sagittal, coronal and axial planes. CBCT is better than periapical radiology (PR) , which has the defects of overlap and deformation. CBCT produces information with lower radiation and higher resolution when compared with conventional spiral computed tomography. CBCT has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of endodontic diseases, especially in apical periodontitis.