Objective:To investigate the effect of self-oxygenated antibacterial photodynamic nanoplatform--F@Ce6-M on inflammation regulation and osteogenic differentiation. Methods:The mouse fibroblast L929 was treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) bacterial solution by light irradiation, and the inflammation model was established. F@Ce6 and F@Ce6-M were respectively added, and the corresponding control group was set up. The gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors were detected by qRT-PCR to evaluate the effect of F@Ce6-M mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on inflammation regulation. NF-κB/p65 subunit translocation was detected by immunofluorescence to analyze the immunomodulatory mechanism of F@Ce6-M. The expression of osteoblast-related genes was detected by qRT-PCR and stained with ALP to evaluate the regulatory effect of F@Ce6-M on osteogenic differentiation of preosteoblasts. Results:qRT-PCR results showed that F@Ce6-M mediated aPDT significantly decreased the expression of interleukin (IL-6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α gene compared with negative control group, and the effect was significantly better than that of F@Ce6-M no light group (P<0.05); There were no significant differences in the gene expressions of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, arginine (Arg)-1 and IL-10 among all groups (P>0.05). F@Ce6-M light group inhibited NF-κB/p65 subunit translocation (P<0.05). The osteogenic marker expressions of ALP, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), collagen type Ⅰ (COL-1) and osteocalcin (OCN) in light group were significantly increased compared with negative control group, and the gene expression levels in F@Ce6-M group were the most significantly increased (P<0.05). The activity level of ALP in the light group was significantly increased, the most significantly increased in the F@Ce6-M light group (P<0.05). Conclusions:F@Ce6-M could reduce the release of pro-inflammatory factors, and significantly restore the osteogenic potential of osteoblasts, thereby enhancing the effect of aPDT on periodontitis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Vitapex on the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) and its potential mechanism. Methods:SCAPs were harvested by enzymatic digestion and cultured in medium with different concentrations of Vitapex. The optimal concentration was determined by the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay. ALP staining, qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to investigate the expression of odonto/osteogenic related markers of SCAPs. The expression level of autophagy related markers was analyzed by Western blot. Results:0.2 g/L Vitapex conditioned medium group expressed the highest level of ALP activity, and it was selected as the optimal concentration. When treated with 0.2 g/L Vitapex conditioned medium, the expression of odonto/osteogenic markers (ALP, RUNX, OSX, DSPP) in SCAPs was significantly upregulated（P＜0.05）. LC3 II/I ratio and Beclin-1 protein level increased, while P62 decreased（P＜0.01）. Conclusion:Vitapex can potentially promote the odonto/osteogenic capacity of SCAPs and activate autophagy.

Objective:To observe the expression of Beclin1, LC3 and P62 in periodontitis rat liver tissue, and to investigate the role of Beclin1-mediated autophagy in periodontitis related liver injury.Methods: Twelve eight-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into two groups: one group was control group, the other group was periodontitis group (n=6).In the periodontitis group, the periodontitis model was established by ligating orthodontic wire, while in the control group, no treatment was done. After 8 weeks, periodontal clinical indexes (SBI, PD, TM) of maxillary first molars of rats in each group were examined and recorded. Detect serum liver function indicators such as ALT and AST.HE staining and oil red O staining were used to detect periodontal histopathology, liver histopathology and fatty changes. qRT-PCR was used for gene determination of Beclin1, LC3 and P62 in liver tissue, and Western blot was used for protein determination of Beclin1, LC3 and P62. Results:Compared with the control group, the clinical indicators (SBI, PD, TM) and HE staining of periodontal tissue in the periodontitis group showed obvious inflammatory response.Liver function index ALT, AST and so on increasing. The results of HE staining and oil red O staining of liver tissue showed vascular steatosis in liver tissue.The mRNA and protein expression levels of Beclin1 and LC3 decreased, while the mRNA and protein expression levels of p62 increased. Conclusion:Beclin1 - mediated autophagy dysfunction may be part of the mechanisms of periodontitis - related liver injury.

Objective:?The exploration of the synergistic anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded copper-based metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF@DOX) nanoplatform for cancer chemodynamic therapy. Methods:?The nanoscale Cu-MOF was prepared by a facile stirring method, which acted as the nanocarrier for loading DOX. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to characterize these Cu-MOF. CCK-8 assays were used to investigate the cytotoxicity of Cu-MOF@DOX againstoral cancer cells. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to study the cellular uptake of Cu-MOF and the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The depletion of glutathione (GSH) in cancer cells by Cu-MOF@DOX was investigated by a GSH assay kit. Western blotting analysis was used to investigate the expression of BAX and Bcl-2of Cu-MOF@DOX-treated cancer cells. Results:?TEM image showed the uniform size distribution and good dispersibility of these Cu-MOF. Cu-MOF@DOX has a significant anti-tumor effect in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Compared with DOX alone, both Cu-MOF and Cu-MOF@DOX could deplete GSH (P<0.001). The DOX in Cu-MOF@DOX could be more effective uptaken by cancer cells and produced large amounts of ROS. Conclusions:?Cu-MOF@DOX can effectively induce apoptosis of oral cancer cells through the synergistic effects of chemodynamic therapy and chemotherapy, which held good potential in oral cancer therapy.

Objective:To explore the regulation effect and mechanism of miR-431-5p on the proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). Methods:The third molars of healthy people were collected to isolate and culture DPSC. In the experiments, mimic-NC group, miR-431-5p mimic group, pc-Smad4 group and pc-Smad4+miR-431-5p mimic group were set up. DPSC were transfected with lipid plastid transfection. The targeted relationship between miR-431-5p and Smad4 was verified by double luciferase reporter gene assay. The cells proliferation was detected by CCK-8. The calcified nodules were observed by alizarin red staining. The expression and activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were detected by ALP staining kits and ALP activity test. The expressions of osteogenic differentiation marker osteocalcin (OCN) and Smad4 were detected by Western blot. Results:After co-transfection of miR-431-5p mimic and wild-type Smad4 reporter gene vector, luciferase activity of DPSC was significantly reduced (P<0.01), while which was not significantly changed after co-transfection of miR-431-5p mimic and mutant Smad4 reporter gene vector (P>0.05). Compared with mimic-NC group, expression of miR-431-5p was up-regulated, expression of Smad4 was down-regulated, ability of cells proliferation was increased, staining of calcified nodules was light, ALP activity was reduced, and expression of OCN protein was down-regulated in miR-431-5p mimic group (P<0.05). Compared with mimic-NC group, ability of cells proliferation was decreased, staining of calcified nodules was deepen, ALP activity was increased, and the expression of OCN was up-regulated in pc-Smad4 group (P<0.05). Compared with pc-Smad4 group, ability of cells proliferation was significantly increased, staining of calcified nodules was light, ALP activity was decreased, and the expression of OCN protein was down-regulated in pc-Smad4+miR-431-5p mimic group (P<0.05). Conclusions:The miR-431-5p can inhibit osteogenic differentiation of DPSC and promote their proliferation by inhibiting the expression of Smad4 protein.

Objective:To clarify the effects of polylactic acid (PLA) composite gelatin (GEL) modified with different ratios of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) composite on the biological behavior and osteogenic properties of osteoblasts MC3T3-E1, and to lay the research foundation for the study of scaffolds in the direction of drug delivery for bone tissue engineering. Methods:The PLA/PVP-GEL composite scaffold was prepared by vacuum freeze-drying method, in which the mass ratio of PLA/PVP was determined to be 10:0, 8:2, 7:3, 5:5, and the composite volume ratio of GEL to PLA/PVP was fixed at 5%. The physicochemical properties of the composites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and contact angle measurement, and the swelling rate, water absorption and porosity of the composite scaffolds were determined. The biocompatibility of each group of scaffolds was compared using CCK-8 method, and the adhesion pattern and distribution of MC3T3-E1 on each group of scaffolds were observed by immunofluorescence staining. The effects of each group of scaffolds on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated by qualitative and quantitative analysis of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining. Results:The composite scaffolds with irregular porous morphology could be prepared by vacuum freeze-drying method, and the hydrophilicity of scaffolds with different ratios of PLA/GEL composite PVP was improved (P<0.05). MC3T3-E1 could adhere to each composite scaffold with different ratios, and the 8:2 PLA/PVP-GEL composite scaffold had the best cell adhesion morphology and proliferation (P<0.05).The qualitative staining results of ALP and alizarin red were darker in all groups of PLA/PVP-GEL scaffolds compared to the PLA/GEL scaffold group, all groups of scaffolds had positive effects on the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1, and the 8:2 PLA/PVP-GEL composite scaffold had the best promotion of extracellular mineralization level of MC3T3-E1 (P<0.05). Conclusions:The 8:2 PLA/PVP-GEL composite scaffold can be used as a basic drug-loaded scaffold for bone tissue engineering and subsequent drug loading studies.

To evaluate the transverse stability of the dental arch in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate after magnetic palatal expansion and fixed appliance. Methods The samples are consisted of 32 individuals with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate in the late permanent dentition who underwent with magnetic palatal expansion and fixed appliance. Maxillary arch widths and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were taken at pretreatment, posttreatment and two-year of retention. The Statistical Methods were paired t-test for dependent samples and two-way ANOVA，LSD-test were used for the mutual comparison between two groups. Results Maxillary arch widths increased significantly in arches (P<0.05), especially in first molar arch area. Arch widths decreased after two-year of retention and were not statistically significant．After orthodontic treatment the lengths of tooth roots were reduced, but only the change in mesial buccal roots of the first premolar was statistical significance (P<0.01). Conclusions Magnetic palatal expansion and fixed appliance can correct the transverse discrepancies, offering satisfactory occlusion relation, and stability in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Objective: To investigate the displacement trend of maxillary first molar and the stress of periodontal tissue when the invisible appliance was moved 0.2 mm away from the maxillary first molar. Methods: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) was used to scan volunteers' maxillofacial oral conditions. Mimics 20.0 software was introduced to process the CBCT data. Geometric and physical modeling was performed using Geomagic Studio 2014 reverse engineering software and NX1911software.The model of maxilla-upper dentition-periodontal membrane-mucoperiosteal-invisible appliance was established. The 3d finite element software Ansys Workbench 2019 was used to move the model of invisible appliance to the maxillary first molar by 0.2 mm. The displacement trend, stress size and stress distribution of periodontal membrane of maxillary first molar were discussed. Results: The single displacement of the distal maxillary first molars with the invisible appliance was small, and the teeth tended to move as a whole. The maximum equivalent stress of periodontal membrane was 0.039 MPa when the invisible appliance was moved to the maxillary first molar, and the stress was mainly distributed in the buccal side. Conclusions: invisible appliances have good value for the first molar of the upper jaw that is moved far away, the force is relatively uniform, and the teeth are partial to the overall movement.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect on the distalization of maxillary molars with mesial oblique movement during mixed dentition stage using the casting stent combined with the segmental arch technique.Methods 12 patients with mesial momvement of first permanent molars were selected, casting stent combined with the edgewise segmental arch technique was used to distalizate maxillary first molars .The cone bundle CT before and after treatment was measured and analyzed, and the opposite side teeth were used as the control to compare the position changes of maxillary first permanent molars before and after treatment.Results In all cases, the crown of the first permanent molar on the affected side moved distally, with an average distally moving amount of 4.82 ± 1.45mm, the mesial inclination of the tooth axis decreased by 7.05 ± 3.25°（P<0.05）, and the mesial torsion of the crown was improved, with an average of 9.09 ± 1.61°（P<0.05）. Conclusion Casting stent combined with segmental arch technique can effectively treat the mesial oblique movement of maxillary first permanent molars in the mixed dentition stage and adjust the maxillary first molars to the normal position.

Composite resins is one of the important materials in stomatology which mainly applied in rest-oration of tooth defect、dental adhesives and so forth. However, it is fact that bisphenol A diglycidylmeth-acrylate (bisGMA) existed in composite resins can be biodegraded by esterase from bacteria and saliva, releasing the by-product named bishydroxypropoxyphenyl propane (bisHPPP), thus decreasing the life span of restoration. The article provides reasons, mechanism of composite resins biodegradation, rewiewing application in the different material and giving method to alleviate biodegradation, which will provide help in the use of composite resins.