Objective:?To explore the role of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) in skin wound healing and to investigate the potential mechanism. Methods:?Nude mice skin trauma models were constructed and subsequently divided into hADSCs group, and control group. The trauma size was observed and recorded at the indicated time. HE staining was performed to observe the regeneration of the epithelium. The real time quantitative PCR and Western blot were also used for the detection of Notch downstream pathway expression level. The hADSCs and HaCaT cells were co-cultured and were transfected with Jagged1 and Notch1 overexpression plasmid respectively, and Notch downstream pathway expression levels were detected by real time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. The proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells were detected by CCK8, transwell and scratch test. Results: All groups began to scab after 3 days of the molding. The healing rate was significantly higher than control group on day 21, respectively (P<0.05). The regenerated epidermis of hADSCs group was significantly higher than control group on day 4 and day 7 after the molding (P<0.05). And Notch downstream pathway expression level was significantly higher in the hADSCs group (P<0.05). After transfection with overexpression plasmid and co-culture, the proliferation and migration ability of HaCaT cells were significantly enhanced, Notch pathways were activated. Conclusions:?hADSCs can promote skin wound healing process through Jagged1/Notch signaling pathwa

Objective:To investigate the effects of all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) and Apatinib on the proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). Methods:The effect of ATRA and Apatinib on the proliferation was detected by MTT assay in CAL27 and HN4 cell. The morphology changes of cells were observed by inverted microscope. Relative mRNA expression of KRT1, KRT10 and the stemness genes and IGF1/IGF1R signaling pathway related genes in OSCC were compared by quantitative real time RT-PCR. Results: ATRA and Apatinib inhibited OSCC proliferation, while the cell growth inhibition in ATRA combined with Apatinib group was more significantly than ATRA group or Apatinib group(P<0.05). A series of cell morphological changes was observed in the combined treatment group. ATRA combined with Apatinib significantly upregulated the expression of KRT1 and KRT10, promoting cell senescence(P<0.05). ATRA combined with Apatinib decreased the expression of stemness genes, eliminating the stemness of OSCC, and inhibited the activity of IGF1/IGF1R signaling pathway (P<0.05). Conclusions:The double roles of ATRA combined with Apatinib in OSCC: promoting cell senescence and eliminating the stemness of OSCC stem cell and thus suppressing cell proliferation.

Objective:This study investigated the effects of H2S on orthodontic bone formation in rats with periodontitis and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) in the inflammatory microenvironment. Methods:Forty-eight rats were divided into four groups: phosphate-buffered saline control group, orthodontic treatment (OT) group, ligature induced-periodontitis+OT group, ligature induced-periodontitis+OT with NaHS (H2S donor) group. Bone formation at tension sites of periodontal tissue was observed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), immunohistochemistry staining for osteocalcin (OCN) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. Expression of osteogenesis related factors were examined by real-time quantitative PCR. In vitro, experiments were divided into control group, tension (T) group, lipopolysaccharide+T group, lipopolysaccharide+T with NaHS group. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of hPDLCs osteogenesis-related factors under tension force in the inflammatory environment. Results:It was found that the bone tissue parameters of the tension side in the P+OT+NaHS group were higher than those in the P+OT group in vivo. Compared with the P+OT group, the expression of Col1, Alp and Ocn osteogenesis-related genes and proteins were significantly increased in the P+OT+NaHS group（P<0.05）. At the same time, it was showed that the LPS+T+NaHS group, compared with the LPS+T group, had deeper staining results, higher OD value and significantly increased expressions of COL1, ALP and OCN osteogenesis-related genes in vitro（P<0.05）. Conclusions:NaHS could maintain bone mineral density in periodontal tissue, up-regulate the mRNA expression of osteogenic factors inhibited by inflammation, and promote orthodontic force-induced bone formation in an inflammatory microenvironment. Our findings suggested that H2S may play an important role in promoting bone formation of orthodontic teeth in periodontitis environment.

Objective:To observe the effect of cell primary cilia ablation in femur perichondrium on growth plate development of long bone. Methods:Twenty male 4-week-old wild-type mice were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. For the experimental group, chloral hydrated (CH) (0.01 mL/g) was topically injected outside the femur growth plate every 2 days in mice, while the same amount of saline was given in the control group. After 4 weeks of continuous injection, mice were sacrificed. Micro-CT scan was used to analyze the mineralization of subchondral bone, and the incidence of primary cilia and growth plate cell morphology was observed by histological slicing. Results:In the experimental group, the presence of primary cilia in the perichondrium was decreased and the mineralization of subchondral bone was reduced. The formation of primary cilia in the femoral perichondrium was inhibited by CH, which could hinder the arrangement and function of the growth plate chondrocytes, disarrange the structure of the growth plate and decrease the number of bone trabeculae under the growth plate. Immunofluorence staining showed that the incidence of primary cilia in the perichondrium was decreased in the experimental group (P＜0.001) and the secretion of type II collagen of the growth plate chondrocytes was also decreased. Conclusions:Primary cilia in perichondrium was involved in the development of cartilage and bone of the growth plate.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the short-term effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) on NO metabolism and blood pressure control. Methods: Forty-five normotensive patients with periodontitis (stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ and grade B or C) were recruited and received NSPT. Periodontal parameters, including plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, clinical attachment loss (CAL) and blood pressure were recorded before and one month after NSPT. Levels of NO in salivary and plasma were explored by Griess reaction. Quantities of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia) and total bacteria, in subgingival plaque were determined by real-time PCR. Moreover, levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum and IL-6 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum were detected by ELISA. The correlation of blood pressure, periodontal parameters, quantities of bacteria and levels of NaNO2, CRP and IL-6 was analyzed. Results:One month after NSPT, periodontal parameters and blood pressure were decreased (P＜0.05), and there were lower levels of NO in both saliva and plasma (P<0.05). In addition, NSPT decreased the amounts of total bacteria, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, and the production of IL-6 and CRP (P<0.05). Moderate correlations were revealed between systolic blood pressure and IL-6 level in GCF, salivary NaNO2 level and CAL and there was a moderate correlation between diastolic blood pressure and total bacteria level, P. intermedia (P＜0.05). Conclusions:NSPT decreased NO levels and suppressed systemic and periodontal inflammations, which provided reference for the treatment of periodontitis patients with hypertension.

Objective:To study the effect and mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) exosomes on promoting osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) via regulating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. Methods:BMMSCs and PDLSCs were primarily cultured, and the exosomes were isolated from the third generation BMMSCs. The third generation PDLSCs were taken for osteogenic induction and grouped, the exosomes group was treated with 15 μg/mL exosomes and phosphate buffer (PBS), the PBS group was treated with equal volume of PBS, and the antagonist group was treated with 15 μg/mL exosomes and 50 μmol/L STAT3 antagonist AG490 in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent, (exosome＋DMSO) group was treated with 15 μg/mL exosomes and equal volume of DMSO, DMSO group was treated with equal volume of DMSO and phosphate buffer. The level of A540 was detected. The expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), type I collagen (Col-Ⅰ), phosphorylated janus kinase 2 (p-JAK2) and phosphorylated-STAT3 (p-STAT3) were detected 7 days after induction. Alizarin red staining was performed 21 days after induction, and optical density (OD) was detected. Results:The OD level and the expression levels of ALP, OCN, Col-Ⅰ, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 of PDLSCs in exosome group were higher than those in PBS group (P<0.05). The results of antagonist group were lower than those in (exosomes＋DMSO) group (P<0.05). Conclusions:BMMSCs exosomes promote the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs via activating JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Objective: To explore the effects of polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide (PSP) with different concentrations on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth dental pulp (SHEDs). Methods: SHEDs were isolated and cultured. Cells surface markers and osteogenic differentiation potential were identified by flow cytometry and alizarin red staining. After treated with different concentrations of PSP, the proliferation of SHEDs was detected by CCK-8 method, the ALP activity of SHEDs was detected by calcium cobalt staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) kit, and the expression of osteogenic proteins was detected by Western blot. Results: The results of flow cytometry and alizarin red staining showed that the obtained cells were SHEDs with osteogenic differentiationability. Compared with the control group, each concentration group had no significant effect on the proliferation of SHEDs within 24, 48 and 72 hours (P>0.05), and the 25 mg/L PSP group had the most significant effect on ALP activity (P<0.001), the protein expressions of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OCN) in 12.5 and 25 mg/L PSP groups were significantly up-regulated, the 25 mg/L PSP group had the most significant effect on the expression of Runx2 (P<0.001). Conclusions: PSP had no significant effect on the proliferation of SHEDs and can promote the osteogenic differentiation of SHEDs.

Objective: To understand the current situation of permanent caries among some middle school students in Shaoxing city and analyze its influencing factors, and to explore preventive measures for permanent tooth caries, so as to improve the oral health care level of middle school students. Methods: We selected 1 526 middle school students aged 12 to 20 who underwent oral examinations in the Shaoxing Branch of Hangzhou Stomatological Hospital from June to August 2021 to conduct a questionnaire survey, and used logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors related to the prevalence of permanent tooth caries among middle school students. Results: Among the surveyed subjects, 460 permanent dental caries were affected, and the prevalence of dental caries was 30.46%. Through multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found that daily consumption of sweets (≥1 time) (OR=1.955, 95% CI: 1.494~2.559), eating often or before going to bed every night (OR=2.311, 95% CI: 1.770~3.019), the ability to use toothpicks and floss or water flossing habits (OR=2.441, 95% CI: 1.739~3.426) and parents suffering from dental caries (OR=1.802, 95% CI: 1.281~2.535) were risk factors for middle school students suffering from permanent dental caries (P＜0.05). We also found that daily fresh fruit consumption (≥1 time) (OR=0.527, 95% CI: 0.414~0.672), tooth brushing time (≥3 min) (OR=0.500, 95% CI: 0.372~0.672), food post-gargle habit (OR=0.545, 95% CI: 0.360~0.824) and regular oral physical examination (OR=0.577, 95% CI: 0.419~0.795) were protective factors for permanent dental caries (P＜0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of permanent tooth decay among some middle school students in Shaoxing city was high, and it was affected by many factors. It was necessary to carry out targeted health education to cultivate a reasonable diet structure and standardized tooth protection habits to promote the healthy development of adolescents′oral cavity.

Extracellular vesicle (EV) are membranous vesicles that occur naturally in organisms and are used for intercellular communication. They can induce an appropriate immune microenvironment to promote tissue regeneration by regulating immune cells. In this paper, we reviewed the regulation of immune function by EV under different conditions and the role and mechanism of immune microenvironment under THE action of EV in tissue repair, with emphasis on the immune regulation function of MESenchymal stem cells-derived EV.

Primary cilia are present on the surface of most mammalian cells as signal sensors, and their structural and functional defects lead to a series of human multi-system syndrome called Ciliopathies. Some patients with Ciliopathies display dyschondroplasia, which seriously affects the development of skeletal system including craniofacial bones, suggesting the important role of primary cilia in chondrogenesis and homeostasis. Meanwhile, the structure and function of primary cilium are closely related to the mechanosensation of chondrocytes. In this review, we discuss the role of primary cilia in the regulation of chondrocyte fate and mechanical transduction, and further understanding of the research progress in is expected to promote the development of the treatment of cartilage related diseases.

Titanium and titanium alloys are the most widely used materials for artificial implants, but there are risks of early insufficient osseointegration and infection around the implants, and modify the surface of the implants with drug or bioactive factor can effectively improve the antibacterial properties or promote osseointegration. At the same time, to prevent the initially explosive release of the loaded drug in the coating and the poor long-term effect, the application of sustained-release drugor bioactive fact or loading system on the surface of implants is increasing. This article summarizes the methods of sustained-release systems that have been applied on implant surface in this field in recent years.